Which psychosocial factor is associated with poor nutrition in older adults?

• A. Depression
• B. Exceptional social engagement
• C. High-income status
• D. Regular social dining routines

Answer: (A)

Depression is a psychosocial factor that can lead to poor nutrition in older adults. When mood is low and anhedonia is present, appetite often decreases, energy and motivation to shop for, prepare, and eat meals drop, and meals may be skipped or portions reduced. Social withdrawal and feelings of hopelessness common with depression further diminish enjoyment of eating and lead to irregular or inadequate food intake. This combination frequently results in insufficient energy and micronutrient intake, increasing malnutrition risk and potential weight loss. Depression can also complicate functioning in daily tasks like grocery shopping and cooking, especially when chronic illness is present.

In contrast, strong social engagement helps support eating through companionship and encouragement, regular social dining routines promote consistent meal intake, and higher income improves access to a variety of foods. These factors are protective against poor nutrition. So depression stands out as the psychosocial factor most closely linked to poor nutrition in older adults.

If helpful, addressing mood and expanding social support can improve dietary intake, so screening for depressive symptoms and connecting individuals with social and mental health resources is an important part of nutritional care in older adults.