Fluids for pressure ulcer management are recommended at

• A. 30-35 ml/kg (up to 40 ml) per day, higher with drainage, fever, or GI losses
• B. 10-15 ml/kg
• C. 60-70 ml/kg
• D. 5 ml/kg

Answer: (A)

Adequate hydration supports wound healing by maintaining blood volume, improving perfusion to the wound, and aiding delivery of nutrients while helping remove waste. For pressure ulcer management, target a higher end of normal daily fluid needs and increase further if there is wound drainage, fever, or GI losses. Too little fluid can slow healing and weaken immune response, while too much can cause edema and fluid overload in older adults. So the best approach is a moderate-to-high daily fluid intake with adjustments for losses.